{"id":24363,"date":"2025-05-26T18:52:47","date_gmt":"2025-05-26T15:52:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nemeculab.dmc.ionio.gr\/studentmedia\/?p=24363"},"modified":"2025-06-01T17:36:18","modified_gmt":"2025-06-01T14:36:18","slug":"survey-on-optical-wireless-communications-based-services-applied-to-the-tourism-industry-potentials-and-challenges","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nemeculab.dmc.ionio.gr\/studentmedia\/survey-on-optical-wireless-communications-based-services-applied-to-the-tourism-industry-potentials-and-challenges\/","title":{"rendered":"Survey on Optical Wireless Communications-Based Services Applied to the Tourism Industry: Potentials and Challenges"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u0395\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/21\/18\/6282<\/p>\n<h3><strong>CiteScore:<\/strong> &#8211;<\/h3>\n<h3><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><strong>\u039f\u03b9 \u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2-\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd:<\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:false,&quot;134233118&quot;:false,&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559738&quot;:240,&quot;335559739&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8220;Tourism&#8221;,&#8221;Optical Wireless Communication&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03cd\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (Optical Wireless Communications, OWC)\u2014\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 Free-Space Optics (FSO) \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03b1 LiFi \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Optical Camera Communications (OCC) \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1. \u0395\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b8\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd) \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u2013\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2), \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1:<\/p>\n<p>TAN (Tourist Area Network): \u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7,<\/p>\n<p>Tourism Smart Facility: \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03be\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c8\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2,<\/p>\n<p>Smart Tourist Destination: \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u00ab\u03ad\u03be\u03c5\u03c0\u03bd\u03b1\u00bb \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7, \u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1:<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac (\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b6\u03ce\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd) \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd OWC \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 (\u03c0.\u03c7. line-of-sight, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2).<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 (expert-panel survey) \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u039a\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9:<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 OWC \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf (TAN, facility, destination);<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac (\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd) \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7, \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2) \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>FSO: \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 multi-Gbps \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b8\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c7\u03bb\u03b7 \u03ae \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>VLC \/ LiFi: \u0394\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 (\u03be\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1) \u03bc\u03b5 gigabit \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>OCC: \u0395\u03ba\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd (\u03c0.\u03c7. beacon-based \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7), \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 smartphones.<\/p>\n<p>IR-IoT: \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac, \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1: \u0391\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c5\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac OWC\u2013RF \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03cd\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 OWC \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac RF \u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03cd\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf. \u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b6\u03ce\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03ad\u03bc\u03c6\u03c5\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03b6\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd (context-aware) \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b7, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd (\u03c0.\u03c7. roadmap \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 LiFi), \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b5\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 .<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u0394\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u2013 \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b7 \u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 LiFi \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03be\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 OCC \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 on-demand \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03be\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c5\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bf 5G\u2013LiFi, \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 streaming \u03ae online gaming. \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 LED \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 OWC \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7. \u03a4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 (UX research) \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03c9\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bb\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b8\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 (adaptive beam-steering) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd edge-computing, \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 .<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; \u0395\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf: https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-8220\/21\/18\/6282 CiteScore: &#8211; \u039f\u03b9 \u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2-\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1.. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1..<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":740,"featured_media":24364,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[77,83],"tags":[2077],"class_list":["post-24363","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-epistimi","category-tourismos","tag-optical-wireless-communication"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v14.0.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow\" \/>\n<meta name=\"googlebot\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"bingbot\" content=\"index, follow, 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